SCRIPTURE
ROMANS 6:1–14
BACKGROUND & CONTEXT
Among the first-century Jewish people, baptism was more of a ceremonial act, one of cleansing. They also baptized Gentiles who converted to the Jewish faith. Neither of these are Christian baptisms.
John the Baptist, who got his namesake for baptizing people for repentance (Matt. 3:11), spoke about a baptism by the Spirit (happened at Pentecost, Acts 1:5) and one of fire (referring to future judgment, Matt. 3:12).
Today, when someone chooses to follow Christ, they are born again, receive the Holy Spirit, and are baptized into the body of believers, the church (1 Cor. 12:12–13).